The prostate gland is an important part of the male sexual organs. It is mistakenly known as the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its chief role is to produce and store a clear fluid that is a vital part of seminal fluid (semen). A healthy man's prostate gland is a bit greater in size than a walnut. It surrounds the urethra underneath the bladder. It is also situated in front of the rectum and a portion of it can be felt during the course of the rectal exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is termed prostatitis. If the prostate grows enlarged it can impede the urine stream, making urination difficult and painful and in severe situations completely impossible. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotics, prostate massage or even surgical procedures.

In older-aged men, the prostate can grow to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is commonly known as benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with medicinal drugs or with surgical measures that removes a component of the prostate. One commonplace surgery used in such cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR).

Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most frequent cancers to affect elderly males and a leading cause of dying. Regular rectal exams are highly recommended to pick up prostate cancer early. There is also a blood evaluation that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is normally very low. Raised test results can be an indicator of disease within the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can cause a physician to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or even operations. It has just recently been discovered that medications such as Docetaxel may be effective in treating prostate cancer.

Stimulating the prostate in men is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or for strictly sexual purposes.

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