The prostate is really a gland that is part of the male sexual organs. The prostate is mistakenly called the prostrate gland. Its paramount role is to first produce and then store a clear liquid that is a component of seminal fluid. A normal man's prostate is somewhat bigger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra below the bladder. It is also located in front of the rectal area and a portion of it can be felt during the course of the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation of the prostate gland is referred to as prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too large it can impede the flow of urine, making urination difficult and painful and in very extreme instances wholly impossible. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotic prescription medications, massage of the prostate or surgery.

In elderly males, the prostate can enlarge to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with different types of medicines or with surgery that removes a component of the prostate. One common surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP or TUR).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most common cancers to affect older-aged males and a leading cause of dying. Consistent rectal exams are highly recommended to find prostate cancer early. There is also a blood evaluation that will measure the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which can be normally quite low. Elevated pSA blood results may indicate a disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgical measures. It has only recently been noted that drugs like Docetaxel may be effective in treating a cancerous prostate.

Stimulation of the prostate gland in men is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for health-related or primarily for sexual purposes.

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