The prostate is really a gland that is a vital part of the male sex organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate gland. The prostate gland's leading job is to produce and store a transparent liquid that is a vital component of seminal fluid or semen. A non-diseased human's prostate is a bit larger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra just below the bladder. It is also situated in front of the rectum and part of it can be felt while undergoing the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is known as prostatitis. If the prostate grows enlarged it can stop up the urine stream, making urination difficult and painful and in very severe situations completely impossible. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotic drugs, prostate massage or even surgical procedures.

In older men, the prostate can grow to the point where urinating is difficult. This is termed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It can be treated with medicinal drugs or with surgical measures that removes part of the prostate. One common surgery used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most frequent cancers affecting older-aged males and a major cause of death. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to detect prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also also a lab blood test that will measure the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is, in normal men, quite low. Elevated bloodwork PSA results could highly suggest disorder inside the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or a cancerous prostate. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can lead a physician to investigate more thoroughly. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgical measures. It has recently been detected that medicines like Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in the treatment of a cancerous prostate.

Stimulating the prostate in males is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate either for medical value or for strictly sexual purposes.

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