The prostate gland is a vital part of the masculine sexual organs. The prostate gland is mistakenly called the prostrate. The prostate gland's primary function is to first secrete and then store a transparent liquid that is an important part of seminal fluid or semen. A sound man's prostate is somewhat larger in size than a walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra just below the bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectum and a portion of it can be felt during the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation of the prostate gland is called prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too enlarged it can obstruct the urine stream, making urination difficult and painful and in very extreme cases totally impassable. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotic medications, massage of the prostate or even surgery.

In elderly males, the prostate can enlarge to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is known as bPH/benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with medicinal drugs or with even surgical procedures that removes a component of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR).

Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most frequent cancers that strikes older-aged males and a leading cause of death. Regular rectal exams are recommended to uncover prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also a laboratory blood evaluation that can measure the amount of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which can be normally very low. Raised blood PSA results might signify disease in the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgery. It has recently been noticed that medications like Docetaxel can sometimes be useful in treating prostate cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate in males is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate whether for clinical or strictly sexual fulfillment.

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