The prostate gland is a component of the masculine sex organs. The prostate is mistakenly called the prostrate. Its most primary job is to secrete and then store a transparent fluid that is part of semen (seminal fluid). A non-diseased human prostate is slightly larger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra underneath the urinary bladder. It is situated in front of the rectal region and part of it can be felt during the course of the rectal examination.

Inflammation of the prostate gland is termed prostatitis. If the prostate grows too large it can jam up the flow of urine, making urination difficult and very painful and in very severe instances completely impossible. Prostatitis is commonly treated with antibiotics, prostate massage or operations.

In older-aged men, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly termed BPH. It can be treated with medications or with surgery that removes a component of the prostate. One very typical surgical procedure used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most common cancers to strike elderly men and a major cause of death. Regular rectal exams are recommended to find prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood evaluation that measures the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is also normally quite low. Elevated blood PSA results may highly suggest disorder in the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can lead a doctor to investigate more. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or even surgical procedures. It has only recently been detected that medications such as Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Stimulating the prostate gland in men has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for medical value or primarily for sexual purposes.

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