The prostate gland is a vital component of the masculine sex organs. It is mistakenly known as the prostrate gland. The prostate's primary role is to first produce and then store a clear liquid that is a vital part of semen, or seminal fluid. A non-diseased human prostate is a little bit greater in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra below the bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectum and part of it can be felt during the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation of the prostate is a gland that is called prostatitis. If the prostate grows enlarged it can stop the flow of urine, making urination very painful and difficult and in severe situations totally impossible. Prostatitis can usually be treated with antibiotics, massage of the prostate or surgery.

In older males, the prostate may grow to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with the use of medication or with even surgical procedures that removes a portion of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Cancer of the prostate is one of the most frequent cancers that affects older men and a major cause of death. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to discover prostate cancer before it spreads. There can be also a blood evaluation that can measure the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which should normally be quite low. Elevated test results can indicate a disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can lead a physician to investigate even further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or even operations. It has only recently been detected that medicines such as Docetaxel may be helpful in treating cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate in males is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for clinical or just for sexual purposes.

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