The prostate is a vital component of the male sexual organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its most important role is to secrete and then store a transparent liquid that is a component of semen (seminal fluid). A healthy man's prostate gland is a bit larger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra underneath the bladder. It is located in front of the rectal area and a portion of it can be felt during the normal course of a rectal exam.

Inflammation in the prostate is a gland that is termed prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too enlarged it can block the flow of urine, making urination very painful and difficult and in very extreme situations entirely impossible. Prostatitis can usually be treated with antibiotic prescription drugs, prostate massage or even surgical procedures.

In elderly males, the prostate may enlarge to the point where urinating is difficult. This is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly termed BPH. It can be treated with medications or with even surgical procedures that removes a component of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers to strike elderly men and a major cause of deaths. Consistent rectal exams are recommended to find prostate cancer early. There is also a blood test that can measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is also normally very low. Elevated blood PSA results might signal disorder inside the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be grounds for a physician to investigate more thoroughly. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgical measures. It has just recently been noticed that medicines such as Docetaxel are useful in treating a cancerous prostate.

Stimulating the prostate in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful experience of orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for health-related or for strictly sexual purposes.

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