The prostate is really a gland that is part of the male sexual organs. The prostate is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. The prostate gland's overriding job is to produce and then store a see-through liquid that is an important part of semen. A normal human's prostate is somewhat larger than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra beneath the bladder. It is also located in front of the rectal region and part of it can be felt during the normal course of the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate is a gland that is named prostatitis. If the prostate grows too much in size it can block urine flow, making urination difficult and very painful and in extreme instances entirely impassable. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotics, prostate massage or surgical procedures.

In men who are older, the prostate can enlarge to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is termed benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly called BPH. It can be treated with different types of prescription medications or with surgical measures that removes a component of the prostate. One very typical operation used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Cancer of the prostate is one of the most commonplace cancers to affect older-aged men and a leading cause of deaths. Regular rectal exams are recommended to detect prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood test that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is normally quite low. Raised bloodwork PSA results might indicate a disease in the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate more. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgery. It has recently been observed that medications such as Docetaxel can sometimes be useful in the treatment of a cancerous prostate.

Stimulation of the prostate in men is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for clinical value or for strictly sexual fulfillment.

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