The prostate is part of the sex organs of the male. It is mistakenly called the prostrate gland. The prostate gland's paramount job is to first produce and then store a transparent fluid that is an important part of seminal fluid (semen). A healthy human's prostate gland is slightly bigger than a shelled walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra beneath the bladder. It is situated in front of the rectum and part of it can be felt during the course of the rectal exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is referred to as prostatitis. If the prostate grows too much in size it can occlude urine flow, making urination very painful and difficult and in very extreme instances wholly impossible. Prostatitis can usually be treated with antibiotic prescription medications, prostate massage or surgical procedures.

In older males, the prostate can grow to the point where urination becomes difficult. This is commonly known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly called BPH. It can be treated with medicines or with surgery that removes a portion of the prostate. One commonplace surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting older men and a leading cause of deaths. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to discover prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood evaluation that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is also normally quite low. Raised pSA blood results might signify disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can cause a doctor to investigate even further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgical measures. It has only recently been discovered that drugs including Docetaxel could be useful in the treatment of a cancerous prostate.

Stimulation of the prostate in men is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for clinical or for strictly sexual purposes.

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