The prostate is really a gland that is part of the sex organs of the male. It is mistakenly called the prostrate. The prostate gland's predominant function is to secrete and then store a transparent fluid that is a vital component of semen (seminal fluid). A sound man's prostate gland is somewhat larger in size than a shelled walnut. It surrounds the urethra beneath the bladder. It is also positioned in front of the rectum and a portion of it can be felt during the normal course of a rectal examination.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is called prostatitis. If the prostate grows too much in size it can stop up the flow of urine, making urination difficult and very painful and in extreme situations wholly impossible. Prostatitis is commonly treated with antibiotic prescription medications, massage of the prostate or surgical procedures.

In elderly males, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is named benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly termed BPH. It can be treated with the use of prescription medications or with even operations that removes a component of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting older men and a major cause of death. Regular rectal exams are recommended to uncover prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood evaluation that can measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which should normally be very low. Elevated blood PSA results may signify disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can be a reason for your physician to investigate with additional tests. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgical procedures. It has only recently been noted that drugs including Docetaxel are effective in the treatment of cancer.

Stimulating the prostate in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for clinical or just for sexual purposes.

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