The prostate is really a gland that is a vital component of the male sexual organs. The prostate is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its most important function is to produce and store a transparent liquid that is a vital component of semen (seminal fluid). A sound human's prostate is somewhat larger than a shelled walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra below the bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt while undergoing the rectal exam.

Inflammation of the prostate is a gland that is named prostatitis. If the prostate grows too large it can occlude the urine stream, making urination difficult and very painful and in extreme cases wholly impossible. Prostatitis can be treated with antibiotic prescription medications, massage of the prostate or even operations.

In men who are elderly, the prostate can enlarge to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with medications or with surgical measures that removes a component of the prostate. One common surgery used in such cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR).

Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most frequent cancers that strikes older males and a major cause of deaths. Consistent rectal exams are highly recommended to uncover prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also a blood evaluation that will measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which is also normally very low. Elevated test results can be an indicator of disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or prostate cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or even surgical measures. It has only recently been detected that medicines like Docetaxel are useful in treating cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or just for sexual purposes.

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