The prostate is a gland that is a component of the sex organs of the male. It is mistakenly called the prostrate gland. The prostate gland's most primary job is to secrete and store a clear fluid that is a vital part of semen (seminal fluid). A sound man's prostate gland is somewhat bigger than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra underneath the bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt while undergoing the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is referred to as prostatitis. If the prostate grows enlarged it can jam up the urine stream, making urination difficult and very painful and in severe cases wholly impassable. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotic medications, massage of the prostate or even surgery.

In older males, the prostate can grow to the point where urination is difficult. This is named bPH or benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with medication or with even surgery that removes a portion of the prostate. One common surgical procedure used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR).

Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most commonplace cancers to affect elderly males and a major cause of deaths. Regular rectal exams are recommended to detect prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also also a blood evaluation that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is, in normal men, very low. Elevated bloodwork PSA results can highly suggest disorder within the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or prostate cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can cause a physician to investigate with further tests. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgical measures. It has only recently been uncovered that medicines including Docetaxel are helpful in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Stimulating the prostate gland in males is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate whether for health-related or strictly for sexual purposes.

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