The prostate is a gland that is a vital component of the masculine sex organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its overriding role is to produce and store a transparent liquid that is a vital component of seminal fluid (semen). A healthy human prostate is slightly larger in size than a shelled walnut. It surrounds the urethra beneath the urinary bladder. It is also positioned in front of the rectal area and a portion of it can be felt during the normal course of a rectal exam.

Inflammation of the prostate gland is named prostatitis. If the prostate grows too large it can hinder the urine stream, making urination very painful and difficult and in very extreme situations wholly impassable. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotic drugs, massage of the prostate or surgical measures.

In men who are older, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is referred to as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It can be treated with the use of medications or with surgery that removes a component of the prostate. One common surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most commonplace cancers that affects elderly males and a leading cause of death. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to detect prostate cancer early. There is also a laboratory blood test that measures the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which can be normally very low. Raised bloodwork PSA results may suggest disease within the prostate, whether prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can lead a doctor to investigate even further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or operations. It has just recently been discovered that medicines like Docetaxel may be helpful in treating prostate cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate in males is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for clinical value or strictly sexual purposes.

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