The prostate gland is a vital part of the sex organs of the male. It is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. The prostate's most important role is to produce and then store a see-through fluid that is an important part of semen, or seminal fluid. A sound human prostate gland is somewhat larger in size than a walnut. It surrounds the urethra beneath the urinary bladder. It is also situated in front of the rectal area and part of it can be felt during the normal course of the rectal exam.

Inflammation of the prostate is a gland that is called prostatitis. If the prostate becomes enlarged it can occlude the urine stream, making urination difficult and painful and in severe situations entirely impossible. Prostatitis is commonly treated with antibiotic prescription drugs, prostate massage or even surgery.

In elderly males, the prostate may grow to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It can be treated with prescription medications or with surgical procedures that removes a component of the prostate. One common operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic cancer is one of the most commonplace cancers to strike older-aged men and a major cause of death. Consistent rectal exams are highly recommended to uncover prostate cancer early. There is also also a blood test that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is, in normal men, very low. Elevated blood PSA results could suggest disease within the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or prostate cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate with additional tests. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgery. It has only recently been uncovered that drugs including Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in treating prostate cancer.

Stimulating the prostate gland in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful experience of orgasm. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate whether for medical value or just for sexual fulfillment.

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