The prostate is really a gland that is part of the male sexual organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its most significant job is to first produce and then store a see-through fluid that is a component of semen (seminal fluid). A sound individual's prostate gland is somewhat bigger than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It is situated in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt during a rectal examination.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is termed prostatitis. If the prostate grows too much in size it can occlude the flow of urine, making urination painful and difficult and in very extreme cases entirely impossible. Prostatitis is commonly treated with antibiotic medications, massage of the prostate or surgery.

In elderly males, the prostate may grow to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is called bPH/benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with different types of medication or with surgical measures that removes part of the prostate. One common operation used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP or TUR).

Prostate cancer is one of the most commonplace cancers to strike older-aged males and a major cause of deaths. Regular rectal exams are highly recommended to find prostate cancer early. There can be also a blood evaluation that can measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which should normally be quite low. Raised test results may highly suggest disease in the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or prostate cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be grounds for a doctor to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgical procedures. It has only recently been discovered that medicines such as Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in treating cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate gland in males is typically compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate whether for health-related or for strictly sexual purposes.

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