The prostate is part of the male sex organs. The prostate is mistakenly known as the prostrate. The prostate gland's primary job is to first secrete and then store a transparent liquid that is a vital component of seminal fluid (semen). A non-diseased human's prostate is somewhat larger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt during the course of a rectal exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is named prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too large it can hinder the flow of urine, making urination difficult and very painful and in severe cases wholly impossible. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotic prescription medications, massage of the prostate or surgical measures.

In older-aged men, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urination is difficult. This is referred to as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly called BPH. It can be treated with different types of medications or with operations that removes a portion of the prostate. One commonplace surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers to affect older men and a major cause of deaths. Regular rectal exams are highly recommended to pick up prostate cancer in the early stages. There can be also a blood test that will measure the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which should normally be quite low. Raised bloodwork PSA results can be an indicator of disease within the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or a cancerous prostate. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can be a reason for a doctor to investigate even further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or operations. It has only recently been discovered that medicines like Docetaxel could be effective in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate gland in men has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful experience of orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or primarily for sexual fulfillment.

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