The prostate is part of the male sexual organs. It is mistakenly known as the prostrate. The prostate gland's paramount role is to secrete and then store a transparent liquid that is an important part of semen. A normal human prostate gland is a little bit larger than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra underneath the bladder. It is also located in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt during the normal course of the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is known as prostatitis. If the prostate grows too large it can impede the flow of urine, making urination difficult and painful and in very severe cases completely impassable. Prostatitis can usually be treated with antibiotics, prostate massage or even surgery.

In older men, the prostate can grow to the point where urination becomes difficult. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with medication or with even operations that removes a component of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TURP or TUR).

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers that strikes older men and a leading cause of dying. Consistent rectal exams are recommended to pick up prostate cancer before it spreads. There can be also a blood test that can measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which is, in normal men, quite low. Raised blood PSA results may indicate a disease within the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be a reason for a doctor to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or even operations. It has just recently been noticed that medications such as Docetaxel can be effective in treating a cancerous prostate.

Stimulating the prostate in males is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful experience of orgasm. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate either for medical value or strictly for sexual purposes.

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