The prostate is really a gland that is part of the masculine sexual organs. The prostate gland is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. Its principle role is to secrete and then store a clear fluid that is an important part of seminal fluid or semen. A healthy human's prostate is somewhat larger than a shelled walnut. It surrounds the urethra beneath the bladder. It is also situated in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt during the rectal exam.

Inflammation of the prostate gland is called prostatitis. If the prostate grows too enlarged it can hinder urine flow, making urination difficult and very painful and in severe situations entirely impassable. Prostatitis can usually be treated with antibiotic medications, prostate massage or surgical procedures.

In older men, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly called BPH. It can be treated with different types of medication or with surgery that removes a portion of the prostate. One commonplace operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP or TUR).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most frequent cancers affecting elderly men and a leading cause of dying. Consistent rectal exams are medically recommended to pick up prostate cancer early. There is also a lab blood test that measures the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is also normally very low. Raised test results may suggest disease inside the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or cancer. The PSA blood test cannot distinguish between them, but can cause a doctor to investigate more thoroughly. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or even surgery. It has only recently been discovered that drugs like Docetaxel are effective in treating cancer.

Stimulating the prostate gland in males is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can result in a more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or strictly for sexual purposes.

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