The prostate gland is a vital part of the masculine sexual organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate gland. The prostate gland's paramount function is to secrete and store a clear liquid that is a component of semen, or seminal fluid. A healthy man's prostate is somewhat bigger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra below the bladder. It is situated in front of the rectal region and part of it can be felt while undergoing the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation of the prostate is a gland that is called prostatitis. If the prostate becomes enlarged it can occlude urine flow, making urination painful and difficult and in very extreme instances entirely impassable. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotic medications, massage of the prostate or even surgical procedures.

In older men, the prostate may grow to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH. It can be treated with the use of medication or with operations that removes a portion of the prostate. One common operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Cancer of the prostate gland is one of the most frequent cancers to strike elderly males and a leading cause of death. Consistent rectal exams are medically recommended to uncover prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood evaluation that measures the amount of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which is normally quite low. Elevated test results can be an indicator of disorder in the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or prostate cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can lead a doctor to investigate more closely. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or even surgical procedures. It has recently been observed that medicines including Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in the treatment of cancer.

Stimulating the prostate gland in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or primarily for sexual fulfillment.

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