The prostate is part of the masculine sexual organs. The prostate is mistakenly known as the prostrate gland. The prostate's most important role is to produce and store a transparent fluid that is a vital part of seminal fluid (semen). A normal human's prostate gland is slightly larger in size than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra underneath the bladder. It is situated in front of the rectum and part of it can be felt while undergoing the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate is a gland that is named prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too enlarged it can occlude the flow of urine, making urination very painful and more difficult and in severe cases totally impassable. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotic drugs, prostate massage or even surgery.

In older men, the prostate can grow to the point where urination becomes difficult. This is commonly known as bPH/benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with medication or with surgery that removes a component of the prostate. One very typical surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP or TUR).

Prostatic gland cancer is one of the most frequent cancers to affect elderly males and a leading cause of death. Regular rectal exams are recommended to pick up prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also also a lab blood test that measures the concentration of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is, in normal men, very low. Elevated test results might indicate a disorder in the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can lead a doctor to investigate more. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or even surgery. It has just recently been observed that medicines including Docetaxel are effective in treating a cancerous prostate.

Stimulating the prostate gland in males is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful sexual climax. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for clinical or for strictly sexual fulfillment.

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