The prostate is a gland that is a vital part of the masculine sex organs. The prostate gland is mistakenly known as the prostrate gland. Its predominant role is to produce and store a see-through fluid that is a vital component of semen. A sound individual's prostate is somewhat greater in size than a walnut. It surrounds the urethra just below the bladder. It is also positioned in front of the rectal region and part of it can be felt during the normal course of a rectal exam.

Inflammation in the prostate is a gland that is named prostatitis. If the prostate grows too enlarged it can jam up the flow of urine, making urination very painful and difficult and in very extreme cases wholly impassable. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotic drugs, prostate massage or even surgical procedures.

In older-aged men, the prostate can enlarge to the point where urinating is difficult. This is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly termed BPH. It can be treated with different types of medications or with surgery that removes a component of the prostate. One common surgery used in such cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Prostate cancer is one of the most commonplace cancers that strikes elderly males and a leading cause of death. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to uncover prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also a lab blood test that can measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which should normally be quite low. Raised blood PSA results may signify disease inside the prostate, whether prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or prostate cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can lead a physician to investigate with further tests. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgery. It has only recently been observed that drugs such as Docetaxel may be useful in the treatment of cancer.

Stimulating the prostate in men is often compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate whether for medical value or strictly sexual purposes.

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