The prostate is a component of the male sex organs. It is mistakenly known as the prostrate gland. Its leading function is to secrete and store a transparent fluid that is a vital part of seminal fluid or semen. A sound human's prostate gland is slightly bigger than a walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra beneath the bladder. It is situated in front of the rectum and a portion of it can be felt during the rectal examination.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is known as prostatitis. If the prostate grows too much in size it can hinder the urine stream, making urination very painful and difficult and in extreme instances completely impassable. Prostatitis can often be treated with antibiotics, prostate massage or surgical procedures.

In older-aged men, the prostate can grow to the point where urination becomes difficult or impossible. This is referred to as benign prostatic hyperplasia, commonly called BPH. It can be treated with medication or with even surgical procedures that removes a portion of the prostate. One common operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR or TURP).

Prostatic cancer is one of the most frequent cancers to affect older men and a leading cause of dying. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to pick up prostate cancer before it spreads. There is also a blood evaluation that will measure the amount of a protein, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), which is normally quite low. Raised test results may be an indicator of disease in the prostate, either prostatitis, bPH or prostate cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can cause a physician to investigate even further. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or even operations. It has recently been noted that medications such as Docetaxel could be useful in the treatment of cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate gland in males has been compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massage of the prostate either for clinical value or for strictly sexual fulfillment.

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