The prostate is really a gland that is an important part of the masculine sex organs. It is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. The prostate gland's principle function is to first secrete and then store a see-through liquid that is an important part of seminal fluid or semen. A sound human prostate gland is a little bit bigger in size than a shelled walnut. The prostate surrounds the urethra underneath the urinary bladder. It is also situated in front of the rectal region and part of it can be felt during the course of the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate gland is called prostatitis. If the prostate becomes enlarged too much it can hinder the urine stream, making urination difficult and very painful and in severe instances totally impassable. Prostatitis is treated with antibiotic drugs, massage of the prostate or even surgical procedures.

In older-aged males, the prostate often enlarges to the point where urinating becomes difficult or impossible. This is named bPH/benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with medicines or with surgery that removes a portion of the prostate. One very typical surgical procedure used in such cases is called transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP or TUR).

Cancer of the prostate is one of the most common cancers to strike older men and a leading cause of death. Regular rectal exams are medically recommended to pick up prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also also a laboratory blood test that can measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which should normally be quite low. Elevated pSA blood results may signal disease in the prostate, whether prostatitis, bPH or a cancerous prostate. The PSA test cannot distinguish between them, but can lead a doctor to investigate more. Prostate cancer is treated with hormonal manipulation (prevention of production of testosterone), radiation or surgical measures. It has just recently been noticed that medicines including Docetaxel are effective in the treatment of cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate in men is typically compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can cause more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or prostate milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate either for medical value or strictly sexual purposes.

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