The prostate gland is a vital component of the male sexual organs. The prostate is mistakenly called the prostrate, rather than prostate. The prostate's principle role is to produce and then store a transparent fluid that is a vital part of seminal fluid. A normal individual's prostate gland is somewhat larger than a shelled walnut. It surrounds the urethra below the bladder. It is positioned in front of the rectal region and a portion of it can be felt during the normal course of the rectal part of the exam.

Inflammation in the prostate is a gland that is referred to as prostatitis. If the prostate becomes too enlarged it can impede urine flow, making urination painful and difficult and in very severe cases entirely impassable. Prostatitis can be treated with antibiotic prescription drugs, massage of the prostate or even surgery.

In elderly males, the prostate can grow to the point where urinating is difficult. This is termed bPH or benign prostatic hyperplasia. It can be treated with the use of medicines or with surgical measures that removes a component of the prostate. One common operation used in these types of cases is called transurethral prostate resection (TUR or TURP).

Cancer of the prostate is one of the most commonplace cancers that strikes older men and a major cause of dying. Regular rectal exams are recommended to uncover prostate cancer in the early stages. There is also a blood test that will measure the concentration of a protein, PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen), which can be normally quite low. Raised bloodwork PSA results could suggest disorder in the prostate, either prostatitis, benign hyperplasia or prostate cancer. The PSA test cannot distinguish between these conditions, but can be a reason for a doctor to investigate more. Prostate cancer is treated with hormone manipulation (preventing testosterone production), radiation or surgical measures. It has only recently been uncovered that medicines such as Docetaxel can sometimes be effective in treating prostate cancer.

Stimulation of the prostate gland in men is frequently compared to stimulation of the G spot in females because prostate stimulation can lead to more powerful orgasm. Prostate massage or milking refers to massaging motions of the prostate whether for clinical value or for strictly sexual purposes.

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